Grow a lavender tree that will bloom for years with this step-by-step guide

Lavender is a beloved plant known for its fragrant blooms and calming properties. Cultivating a lavender tree in your garden can bring beauty and a soothing aroma that lasts for years. However, growing lavender successfully requires understanding its specific needs and providing the right care.

In this guide, we will walk you through the process of growing a lavender tree that will bloom year after year. From selecting the right variety to mastering pruning techniques, this step-by-step guide will equip you with everything you need to know to cultivate a thriving lavender tree.

Lavender, scientifically known as Lavandula, is a genus of 47 known species of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae. Native to the Mediterranean region, lavender thrives in sunny, dry climates. Lavender trees are not actual trees but are often referred to as such when they are pruned and trained to grow in a tree-like form.

Lavender plants can grow from 1 to 3 feet tall and wide, depending on the variety. They are perennial plants, meaning they can live for several years with the right care. Lavender is known for its silvery-green foliage and spikes of purple, blue, or white flowers, which are highly attractive to bees and butterflies.

Selecting the right lavender variety is crucial for successful growth. English lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) is the most common and is hardy in USDA zones 5-8. It is known for its sweet fragrance and is ideal for cooler climates. French lavender (Lavandula dentata) and Spanish lavender (Lavandula stoechas) are better suited for warmer climates, thriving in USDA zones 8-10.

Consider your local climate and soil conditions when choosing a variety. If you live in a humid area, opt for a variety that is more tolerant of moisture, such as Lavandula x intermedia, which is a hybrid known for its robust growth and resistance to disease.

Lavender requires full sun to thrive, so choose a location that receives at least 6 to 8 hours of direct sunlight per day. Ensure the site has well-draining soil, as lavender does not tolerate wet roots. Avoid areas where water tends to pool after heavy rain.

If planting in a garden bed, consider the spacing between plants. Lavender plants should be spaced 12 to 18 inches apart to allow for air circulation, which helps prevent fungal diseases. If you're growing lavender in pots, choose containers with drainage holes and a diameter of at least 12 inches.

Lavender thrives in well-draining, sandy, or gravelly soil with a pH between 6.5 and 7.5. Before planting, amend heavy clay or compacted soil with sand or gravel to improve drainage. You can also add organic matter, such as compost, to enhance soil fertility.

To test the soil pH, use a soil test kit available at garden centers. If the pH is too low, add lime to raise it. Conversely, if the pH is too high, sulfur can be used to lower it. Aim for a soil depth of at least 12 inches to accommodate the lavender's root system.

Begin by digging a hole that is twice as wide and as deep as the root ball of your lavender plant. Remove the plant from its container and gently loosen the roots. Place the plant in the hole, ensuring the top of the root ball is level with the soil surface.

Backfill the hole with soil, pressing down gently to remove air pockets. Water the plant thoroughly after planting to help settle the soil. If planting multiple lavender plants, maintain the recommended spacing to ensure adequate air circulation.

Lavender is drought-tolerant once established, but young plants require regular watering. Water newly planted lavender once or twice a week until established. Once the plant is mature, reduce watering to every two to three weeks, allowing the soil to dry out between waterings.

Overwatering can lead to root rot, so it's essential to let the soil dry out between waterings. If you're unsure whether to water, check the soil moisture by inserting your finger about an inch into the soil. If it feels dry, it's time to water.

Pruning is essential for maintaining the shape and health of your lavender tree. Prune lavender in the spring after the last frost and again in late summer after flowering. Remove about one-third of the plant's height, focusing on cutting back the woody stems to encourage new growth.

Avoid cutting into the old wood, as lavender does not regenerate well from woody stems. Regular pruning helps prevent the plant from becoming leggy and encourages more blooms.

Lavender does not require heavy fertilization. In fact, too much fertilizer can lead to excessive foliage growth at the expense of blooms. Apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in the spring when new growth begins.

Avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers, as they can promote leaf growth rather than flowers. Organic options, such as compost or well-rotted manure, can be used sparingly to provide nutrients without overwhelming the plant.

Lavender is relatively pest-resistant due to its aromatic oils, but it can still fall victim to pests such as aphids and spittlebugs. Inspect plants regularly and remove any pests by hand or with a strong spray of water.

Fungal diseases, such as root rot and leaf spot, can occur in overly wet conditions. Ensure proper drainage and avoid overhead watering to minimize the risk. If necessary, apply an organic fungicide to affected plants.

Several viral gardening hacks can enhance lavender blooms. One popular method is to use Epsom salts, which provide magnesium and sulfur, essential nutrients for flowering. Dissolve 1 tablespoon of Epsom salts in a gallon of water and apply it to the base of the plant once a month during the growing season.

Another hack is to mulch with gravel or small stones, which helps reflect sunlight and keep the soil warm, promoting better growth and flowering. Additionally, deadheading spent blooms can encourage the plant to produce more flowers.

Lavender requires different care throughout the seasons to ensure continuous blooming. In spring, focus on pruning and fertilizing to encourage new growth. During the summer, maintain a regular watering schedule and deadhead spent blooms.

In the fall, prepare the plant for winter by reducing watering and applying a layer of mulch to protect the roots from freezing temperatures. In colder climates, consider covering the plant with burlap or a frost cloth to prevent winter damage. With proper seasonal care, your lavender tree will thrive and bloom for years to come.